Why was the encomienda system abolished in 1542?

The encomienda system was abolished in 1542 primarily due to humanitarian concerns about the treatment of Native Americans and the significant population decline among Indigenous peoples. The system allowed Spanish colonizers to demand labor and tribute from Native Americans, who were not accustomed to this type of forced labor and harsh conditions. The combination of overwork, violence, and diseases brought by the Europeans led to rapid population decreases among Native communities.

As awareness of these devastating impacts grew, reformers, including figures like Bartolomé de las Casas, advocated for the rights of Native Americans and highlighted the moral issues surrounding their exploitation. This advocacy contributed to the Spanish crown's decision to formally abolish the encomienda system to protect Indigenous populations. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the dire situation of Native Americans as a significant reason for the system's abolition.