Who is noted for significant advancements in the field of anatomy and physiology in the 16th century?

Andreas Vesalius is renowned for his groundbreaking contributions to the field of anatomy and physiology during the 16th century, particularly through his pioneering work, "De humani corporis fabrica" (On the Fabric of the Human Body). This comprehensive text marked a departure from the long-held doctrines of Galen, which were based on animal dissection and often did not accurately reflect human anatomy. Vesalius conducted detailed human dissections and meticulously documented his observations, providing a more accurate representation of human anatomy. His emphasis on observation and direct study established a new standard for anatomical research, significantly advancing the field and influencing future generations of anatomists and physicians. This shift not only improved understanding of the human body but also laid important foundations for modern medicine.