Which of the following best describes the significance of the Glorious Revolution?

The significance of the Glorious Revolution primarily lies in its establishment of constitutional monarchy in England. This event, which took place in 1688, involved the overthrow of King James II and the ascension of William III and Mary II to the throne. Unlike previous monarchs, William and Mary accepted the throne under the condition that they adhere to the principles set out in the Bill of Rights.

This Bill of Rights curtailed royal power and enshrined certain rights for Parliament and the citizens, laying the groundwork for a system of governance in which the monarchy was subjected to laws made by Parliament. As a result, the Glorious Revolution effectively shifted the balance of power, creating a more democratic and representative government structure. This transformation played a crucial role in the evolution of modern democratic systems and the concept of rule of law.

In context, while the other options present significant historical phenomena, they do not accurately reflect the core impact of the Glorious Revolution. The monarchy did not end completely, the Catholic Church's influence was not solidified in this context, and while colonial expansion did occur during this period, it was not a direct result of the Revolution itself. Thus, the establishment of constitutional monarchy stands out as the pivotal outcome of this historical event.